• A requirement for active PKA signaling during LTD

  2024-05-30

  

  A requirement for active PKA signaling during LTD induction was proposed in studies characterizing AKAP150 D36mice (Lu et al., 2008), but linking impaired LTD in D36 mice to PKA signaling deficits was complicated by subsequent work showing substantial increases in the number of dendritic spines and

• Sixth significant progress has been made during the last few

  2024-05-30

  

  Sixth, significant progress has been made during the last few years regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of AMPK and this should aid to develop more potent and specific compounds. Information from crystallographic structures combined with computer-based drug design hold promi

• Introduction AMP activated protein kinase AMPK is

  2024-05-30

  

  Introduction AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is mainly known as a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed energy sensor that is highly sensitive to changes in cellular energy levels (by sensing increases in AMP:ATP and ADP:ATP ratios) and makes appropriate adjustment to balance the consumpt

• br STAR Methods br Author

  2024-05-30

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments This study is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants NS028901 and DC004450 (to L.O.T.); N.L. Tartar Trust Fellowship (to H.-W.L.); DC014878 to T.S.B. We thank members of the Trussell lab for helpful discussions, Dr. Stephen Dav

• In summary our data have shown that one mechanism

  2024-05-30

  

  In summary, our data have shown that one mechanism by which glucose may mediate monocyte–endothelial cell interaction in the retinal endothelial cells is via the 12/15-LO pathway Furthermore, our current and previously published data [20,22] indicate a differential role of endothelial 12/15-LO versu

• To date defining the prognostic impact of molecular drivers

  2024-05-30

  

  To date, defining the prognostic impact of molecular drivers of early-stage NSCLC has been challenging due to the relative rarity of these subsets and the redefinition of comparator arms over time as understanding of the molecular drivers of NSCLC evolved. Indeed, use of molecularly heterogeneous co

• Therefore to better understand the

  2024-05-30

  

  Therefore, to better understand the functional properties of Peruvian infusion tea plants and provide evidence for the development of functional food supplements containing the Peruvian infusion tea plant, the aldose reductase inhibition together with the antioxidant activities of 24 selected Peruvi

• Although several studies indicate that ALDH protects the hea

  2024-05-30

  

  Although several studies indicate that ALDH2 protects the heart from injury and maladaptive remodeling (reviewed in [11], [12], [13]), accumulating evidence indicates that deficiency of the enzyme could be protective as well. For example, mice expressing the defective Aldh2*2 mutation show lower ald

• Our studies suggest that AdipoR

  2024-05-30

  

  Our studies suggest that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 genes are expressed in multiple tissues in the chicken wherein both receptors are likely to mediate the physiological effects of adiponectin. We determined the relative expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA in various tissues and found that skeletal musc

• Beside activation of adenosine receptors

  2024-05-29

  

  Beside activation of adenosine receptors (A2a.1, A2a.2, A2b) by FSK treatment, the expression of adenosine receptors was also upregulated, when embryos were exposed to inhibitors (SU5416 and DAPT) alone and also combined with FSK. Our data imply that adenosine receptor was associated with a positive

• Serum soluble sCD is a shedding product from the

  2024-05-29

  

  Serum soluble sCD21 is a shedding product from the ectodomain of membrane CD21 after B cell activation (Masilamani et al., 2003, Masilamani et al., 2004a, Masilamani et al., 2004b, Grottenthaler et al., 2006, Hoefer et al., 2008), which resembles the ligand-binding capacity of intact CD21 (Wu et al.

• Additionally in a previous transgenic model with autotaxin u

  2024-05-29

  

  Additionally, in a previous transgenic model with autotaxin under the control of the MMTV-LTR promoter, aberrant expression of human autotaxin caused late-onset, metastatic breast cancer [5]. The AT-ATX transgenic model is analogous to the previous one because ∼30% of all spontaneous tumors appeared

• Purification of Rv c In order to

  2024-05-29

  

  Purification of Rv2477c. In order to investigate the catalytic capabilities of Rv2477c, we expressed the protein as an N-terminal histidine-tagged fusion protein in E. coli BL21 cells and purified the protein by cobalt-affinity chromatography. As shown in Fig. 2A, the 65 kDa fusion protein was expre

• Despite these conflicting data about COX ER correlations a

  2024-05-29

  

  Despite these conflicting data about COX-2/ER correlations, a large body of evidence supports that elevated COX-2 expression in breast cancer is a constant feature of high stage disease and a predictor of worse outcome. Upregulation of COX-2 protein has been identified in approximately 40% of cases

• The enzyme Arginase ARG plays a role in the

  2024-05-29

  

  The enzyme Arginase 1 (ARG1) plays a role in the hepatic urea cycle by hydrolyzing L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea [13]. In the context of macrophages and MDSCs, ARG1 expression redirects L-arginine metabolism to abolish cytotoxic nitric oxide production [14], suppress T-cell function [15], [16],

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