• Although in vitro and in vivo immunosuppressive effects of f

  2019-12-24

  

  Although, in vitro and in vivo immunosuppressive effects of female steroids have been described in fish (Yamaguchi et al., 2001, Law et al., 2001), their mode of action was not evaluated in detail. Consequently, it is of considerable interest to investigate the intracellular pathways that regulate t

• Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women requires combinat

  2019-12-24

  

  Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women requires combination with a progestogen in order to prevent endometrial stimulation. This is not necessary, however, with tibolone as progestogenic activity is associated with its Δ4-metabolite that is formed in the liver, as well as locally in the endometr

• raas inhibitor Enhanced oxidative stress has been suggested

  2019-12-24

  

  Enhanced oxidative stress has been suggested as the critical mechanisms of IS-produced muscle damage [41,42]. NAC as a direct reactive oxygen species ROS scavenger is frequently discussed in the clinical trials of radiocontrast-induced AKI prevention [43]. Despite some supportive epidemiological dat

• Our results indirectly support the combination of resveratro

  2019-12-24

  

  Our results indirectly support the combination of resveratrol and hesperatin treatment for PDN, as this induces GLO1 activity in patients (Xue et al., 2016), as well as metformin, an FDA-approved anti-diabetic treatment, which acts as an MG scavenger to reduce MG levels in type 2 diabetic patients (

• The applications of fungal enzymes in paper industry involve

  2019-12-24

  

  The applications of fungal enzymes in paper industry involve biobleaching of pulp, pulp de-inking, degradation of dissolved and suspended organic compounds in concentrated effluents of mills and enhanced fibrillation. Enzymes usage is encouraged in paper industry in order to reduce the use of chemic

• In addition to vasoconstrictor actions

  2019-12-24

  

  In addition to vasoconstrictor actions (acute effects), ET-1 exerts potent mitogenic actions on vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac myocytes (chronic effects), hence causing vascular and cardiac hypertrophy [19,24,25]. These effects are mediated via stimulation of either ETA or ETB receptors, a

• br Materials and methods br

  2019-12-24

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Approximately 90% of pulmonary emphysema causes are related to smoking and its progression in patients and are characterized by severity levels [5]. Experimental models using CS to induce emphysema are widely used because they resemble the emphysema

• Several of the keloid like

  2019-12-24

  

  Several of the keloid-like lesions seen in these individuals were pigmented. It is of potential relevance that genetic variants in DDR1 [MIM: 600408] have been associated with vitiligo, and DDR1 activation is involved when aromatase inhibitors are attached to collagen-IV fibers. Because DDR1 and DDR

• br Introduction The protein Epidermal Growth

  2019-12-24

  

  Introduction The protein Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (EGFR-TK) play important role in non small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and vital therapeutic progress withinin the treatment of this ailment has revamped the past ten years through the exploitation of this insight (Mok et a

• Introduction Cholesterol plays a pivotal role as

  2019-12-24

  

  Introduction Cholesterol plays a pivotal role as a constituent of biological membranes and as a precursor for vitamins, hormones and bile acids. Accordingly, its production, distribution, and elimination must be tightly regulated at the cellular and organismal level. Accordingly, dysregulated chole

• In addition to playing important roles in the immune

  2019-12-23

  

  In addition to playing important roles in the immune system, EBI2 is also expressed in the epinephrine adrenaline of the central nervous system (CNS), namely astrocytes, and this receptor regulates astrocyte signalling, as well as astrocyte cell migration (Rutkowska et al., 2015, Rutkowska et al., 2

• HOIP s ability to build

  2019-12-23

  

  HOIP\'s ability to build linear Ub chains arises from a unique domain that follows directly after the RING2 domain, the linear ubiquitin chain-determining domain (LDD) (Fig. 1). Structures have revealed that the LDD is structurally integrated into RING2, creating a single RING2–LDD unit (Fig. 2D) [4

• The best characterized APC C substrates are recruited

  2019-12-23

  

  The best-characterized APC/C substrates are recruited via various linear motifs (e.g., D boxes, KEN boxes, and ABBA motifs) that serve as degrons, binding to distinct regions of the β-propeller domain of a coactivator (Figure 1, Figure 3B) (reviewed in [44]). In addition, D boxes also simultaneously

• In general cellular senescence is considered

  2019-12-23

  

  In general, cellular senescence is considered a programmed response to stress that can be activated by oxidative stress, irradiation or action of substances or drugs. These stressors cause DNA damage and, through the action of specific proteins (p53 and p21), lead to cell senescence (di Fagagna, 200

• br Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance br

  2019-12-23

  

  Roles of TLS polymerases outside DNA damage tolerance Preparing the ground for more DNA damage: adaptive responses through gene induction Conclusions and perspectives Although known for many decades, the relevance of TLS in genome stability is normally considered secondary to mechanisms tha

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