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br Materials and methods br Acknowledgments br Introduction
2021-01-18
Materials and methods Acknowledgments Introduction Proton pumps convert the energy of high-energy compounds into the histone demethylase of protons across biomembranes. They play two physiological roles: pH regulation and the formation of proton-motive forces in their membranes. The simple
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br Cysteine proteases as molecular targets for
2021-01-18
Cysteine proteases as molecular targets for trypanosomatid diseases Approaches relying on a molecular target, such as SBDD and target-based screening, have supported outstanding scientific developments in current pharmaceutical R&D. By integrating experimental and computational methods, these str
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Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of CRFr
2021-01-18
Preliminary studies evidenced the presence of CRFr in gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons of the hippocampus (Yan et al., 1998). In fact, in this BOP reagent synthesis area, CRF inhibits glutamate release through CRF1r (Bagosi et al., 2015), leading to a decrease in the GABA concentrat
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NPC L NPC Niemann Pick C
2021-01-15
NPC1L1 (NPC1 [Niemann-Pick C-like-1]-like intracellular cholesterol transporter) is the rate-limiting transmembrane transporter for cholesterol Ebastine from the intestinal lumen, and it mediates the absorption of both dietary and biliary cholesterol., , NPC1L1 is the target of the cholesterol-low
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br Materials and methods br
2021-01-15
Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we confirmed the activation of Akt by udenafil in 3T3-L1 cells. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of udenafil, we focused on the mitochondria. Our findings demonstrated that udenafil improved mitochondrial function and expression o
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br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements This
2021-01-15
Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This study was funded by Kuwait University Research Administration (Project MI03/10). Introduction Epidemiological, experimental and biologic plausibility support a cardioprotective effect of estrogens in women [1]. Indeed, women are protected until t
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middle-aged br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substra
2021-01-15
Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatmen
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In general cellular senescence is considered a programmed re
2021-01-15
In general, cellular senescence is considered a programmed response to stress that can be activated by oxidative stress, irradiation or action of substances or drugs. These stressors cause DNA damage and, through the action of specific proteins (p53 and p21), lead to cell senescence (di Fagagna, 200
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br Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs g
2021-01-15
Materials and methods Male Hartley guinea pigs (300–350g) were obtained from National Laboratory Animal Center, Taiwan. LTD4, LTC4, LTE4, LTB4, montelukast and BAY u9773 were purchased from Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Carbachol, atropine, l-serine, boric acid, l-cysteine and all buffer
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br Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure By the age o
2021-01-15
Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure By the age of 40 years, 1% of women spontaneously develop POF [18]. The normal menopause occurs at an average age of 51 years [19] and results from ovarian follicle depletion [20], whereas POF is a heterogeneous disorder and can result from either foll
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In mammals ribonucleotide reductase RNR is a unique
2021-01-14
In mammals, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a unique enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs).7, 8 Mammalian RNR consists of two homodimer subunits: the large catalytic dimer RRM1 and the small regulatory dimer RRM2 or RRM2B. An
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br Disclaimer Statement br Introduction The erythropoietin p
2021-01-14
Disclaimer Statement Introduction The erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (Eph) receptors represent the largest class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). They are type I transmembrane proteins that interact with their membrane-bound ligands the ephrins and facilitate cell-to-cell contacts resu
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Another enzyme class that has emerged as
2021-01-14
Another enzyme class that has emerged as a potential alternative to P450s are the so-called ‘unspecific peroxygenases’ (UPOs). They also contain a heme but are extracellularly expressed fungal enzymes that are often more stable than P450 monooxygenases. Importantly, UPOs use H2O2 instead of O2 as th
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported by National
2021-01-14
Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81400241). Introduction Fluoride, as a member of the halogen group of elements, naturally existed in water, soil, animals, and plants around the world (Singh et al., 2018), and it is present in trace
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In the present study we used linagliptin one
2021-01-14
In the present study, we used linagliptin, one of the commercially available DPP-4 inhibitors, because it has more long-lasting inhibition of DPP-4 activity than other drugs of this class. We hypothesized that linagliptin may interact with intercellular components, not only with DPP-4 on the plasma
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